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Personality Factors as Determinants of Depression in Postpartum Women: A Prospective 1-Year Follow-up Study

Gerda J.M. Verkerk, PhD, Johan Denollet, PhD, Guus L. Van Heck, PhD, Maarten J.M. Van Son, PhD and Victor J.M. Pop, MD, PhD

From the Tilburg University, Department of Psychology and Health, Tilburg, The Netherlands (G.J.M.V., J.D., G.L.V.H., V.J.M.P.); and the Department of Clinical Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands (M.J.M.V.S).



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  		Figure 1. Prevalence rates of clinical depression as a function of four personality types. Note: **p < .01, ***p < .001. N = neuroticism, I = introversion. A, low N–low I versus low N-high I: {chi}2 = 0.52, df = 1, p = .469; low N-low or high I versus high N-low I: {chi}2 = 4.14, df = 1, p = .042; low N-low or high I versus high N-high I: {chi}2 = 17.72, df = 1, p < .001. B, low N-low I versus low N-high I: {chi}2 = 0.16, df = 1, p = .685; low N-low or high I versus high N-low I: {chi}2 = 1.64, df = 1, p = .200; low N-low or high I versus high N-high I: {chi}2 = 14.50, df = 1, p < .001. C, low N-low I versus low N-high I: {chi}2 = 0.65, df = 1, p = .418; low N-low or high I versus high N-low I: {chi}2 = 8.69, df = 1, p = .003; low N-low or high I versus high N-high I: {chi}2 = 24.81, df = 1, p < .001.

 


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  		Figure 2. Prevalence rates of Depression (RDC, A) in Women With or Without a Personal History of Depression (B) in Combination With or Without a High-risk Personality (C). Note: A, RDC = research diagnostic criteria; B, No personal history of depression (self-reported); C, High-risk personality = high-neuroticism in combination with high-introversion.

 




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