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Association Between Nocturnal Vagal Tone and Sleep Depth, Sleep Quality, and Fatigue in Alcohol Dependence

Michael R. Irwin, MD, Edwin M. Valladares, Sarosh Motivala, PhD, Julian F. Thayer, PhD and Cindy L. Ehlers, PhD

From the Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, University of California, Los Angeles, Neuropsychiatric Institute, Los Angeles, CA.


Figure 124
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  		Figure 1. Comparison of the high-frequency (HF; 0.04–0.15 Hz) component of heart rate variability across the night and during awake before sleep, stage 2 sleep, and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep in alcohol-dependent subjects (n = 14) and matched comparison control subjects (n = 14). Data are mean ± standard error of mean. Repeated-measures analysis of variance showed a significant group effect with alcoholics having lower levels of the HF power component as compared with control subjects (F [1, 24] = 5.0, p < .05), a significant effect for sleep stage (F [2, 52] = 7.8, p < .001] but no group-by-sleep-stage interaction.

 

Figure 224
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  		Figure 2. High-frequency (HF; 0.04–0.15 Hz) component of heart rate variability during awake before sleep correlated with delta power across the total night (Spearman’s rho = 0.47, p < .05).

 

Figure 324
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  		Figure 3. High-frequency (HF; 0.04–0.15 Hz) component of heart rate variability during awake before sleep correlated with sleep quality as measured by total scores on the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (Spearman’s rho = –0.48, p < .05).

 




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